What does "computer-aided manufacturing" (CAM) refer to?

Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is fundamentally defined as the use of software and computer-controlled machinery to automate and optimize manufacturing processes. This involves utilizing computer systems to help manage and control machinery, tools, and manufacturing processes, leading to increased precision and efficiency in production.

By employing CAM, manufacturers can streamline production operations, reduce human errors, and improve overall quality. The technology allows for the direct translation of design records into machine instructions, facilitating automated processes such as milling, turning, and 3D printing. This integration of technology into manufacturing processes is vital for modern production techniques.

The other options, while related to manufacturing, do not encapsulate the full scope of CAM. For example, 3D printing pertains to additive manufacturing but is just one specific area rather than the broader concept of integrating computer control into various manufacturing methods. Manual assembly does not utilize computer systems and is more traditional and labor-intensive. Lastly, the design of computer components refers more to product development rather than the manufacturing process itself.